{"id":3018,"date":"2023-10-28T14:29:28","date_gmt":"2023-10-28T05:29:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edu.ujhb.org\/?p=3018"},"modified":"2023-10-28T14:29:29","modified_gmt":"2023-10-28T05:29:29","slug":"angular-restapi%e8%ae%bf%e9%97%ae%e6%95%99%e7%a8%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edu.ujhb.org\/?p=3018","title":{"rendered":"Angular RestAPI\u8bbf\u95ee\u6559\u7a0b"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Angular\u524d\u7aef\u5f00\u53d1RestAPI\u8bbf\u95ee\u6559\u7a0b\u5927\u7eb2<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\uff1a\u5f15\u8a00<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>1.1 \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9700\u8981RestAPI<br>1.2 Angular\u4e0eRestAPI\u7684\u5173\u7cfb<br>1.3 \u672c\u6559\u7a0b\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u548c\u9884\u5907\u77e5\u8bc6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\uff1aAngular\u73af\u5883\u51c6\u5907<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>2.1 \u5b89\u88c5Node.js\u548cnpm<br>2.2 \u521b\u5efaAngular\u9879\u76ee<br>2.3 Angular CLI\u57fa\u7840<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\uff1aRestAPI\u57fa\u7840<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>3.1 \u4ec0\u4e48\u662fRestAPI<br>3.2 HTTP\u65b9\u6cd5<br>3.3 API\u54cd\u5e94\u548c\u72b6\u6001\u7801<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0\uff1aAngular\u4e2d\u7684HTTP\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>4.1 \u5f15\u5165HttpClient\u6a21\u5757<br>4.2 \u53d1\u9001GET\u8bf7\u6c42<br>4.3 \u53d1\u9001POST\u8bf7\u6c42<br>4.4 \u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\u4e94\u7ae0\uff1a\u4e0eRestAPI\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u6280\u672f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>5.1 \u4f7f\u7528Observables<br>5.2 \u4f7f\u7528Promises<br>5.3 \u4f7f\u7528Async\/Await<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\u516d\u7ae0\uff1a\u5b9e\u6218\u6848\u4f8b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>6.1 \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7528\u6237\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf<br>6.2 \u4e0e\u540e\u7aefAPI\u4ea4\u4e92<br>6.3 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\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u9010\u7ae0\u9010\u8282\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u6559\u7a0b\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u3002\u6bcf\u6b21\u56de\u7b54\u5c06\u53ea\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u8282\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u8bf7\u786e\u8ba4\u5927\u7eb2\u662f\u5426\u7b26\u5408\u60a8\u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f00\u59cb\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u6559\u7a0b\u7f16\u5199\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a\/ACg8ocLh4B_kew_Ugyfq9egjobpny7AWdKDF1KOH64Elebx0ZhM=s96-c\" alt=\"User\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bf7\u7ee7\u7eedChatGPT<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\uff1a\u5f15\u8a00<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1.1 \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9700\u8981RestAPI<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u63cf\u8ff0<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u73b0\u4ee3\u7684Web\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\uff0c\u524d\u7aef\u548c\u540e\u7aef\u7684\u5206\u79bb\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u666e\u904d\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5206\u79bb\u4f7f\u5f97\u524d\u7aef\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u7528\u6237\u754c\u9762\u548c\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\uff0c\u800c\u540e\u7aef\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5219\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u548c\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u3002RestAPI\uff08Representational State Transfer API\uff09\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u7684Web\u670d\u52a1\u901a\u4fe1\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u524d\u540e\u7aef\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>RestAPI\u5141\u8bb8\u524d\u7aef\u901a\u8fc7HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e0e\u540e\u7aef\u8fdb\u884c\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u83b7\u53d6\u6216\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0d\u4ec5\u7b80\u5355\u3001\u9ad8\u6548\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6613\u4e8e\u7ef4\u62a4\u548c\u6269\u5c55\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u638c\u63e1\u5982\u4f55\u5728Angular\u524d\u7aef\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u8bbf\u95eeRestAPI\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e00\u5c0f\u8282\u662f\u5f15\u8a00\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c0f\u8282\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u89c9\u5f97\u5408\u9002\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u5c0f\u8282\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a\/ACg8ocLh4B_kew_Ugyfq9egjobpny7AWdKDF1KOH64Elebx0ZhM=s96-c\" alt=\"User\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bf7\u7ee7\u7eedChatGPT<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1.2 Angular\u4e0eRestAPI\u7684\u5173\u7cfb<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u63cf\u8ff0<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Angular\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7528\u4e8e\u6784\u5efa\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u5e73\u53f0\u548c\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u5b83\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u7ec4\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u5e93\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u7528\u4e8eHTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684<code>HttpClient<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97Angular\u6210\u4e3a\u4e0eRestAPI\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728Angular\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u53d1\u8d77HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u5230\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5e76\u5904\u7406\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u901a\u5e38\u662fJSON\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u5728Angular\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u548c\u5c55\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Angular\u4e0d\u4ec5\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u57fa\u7840\u7684HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u9ad8\u7ea7\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5982\u8bf7\u6c42\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u62e6\u622a\u3001\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u529f\u80fd\u4f7f\u5f97Angular\u4e0eRestAPI\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u66f4\u52a0\u5f3a\u5927\u548c\u7075\u6d3b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>typescriptCopy code<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>\/\/ \u5f15\u5165HttpClient\u6a21\u5757 import { HttpClient } from '@angular\/common\/http'; \/\/ \u5728\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u6ce8\u5165HttpClient\u670d\u52a1 constructor(private http: HttpClient) { } \/\/ \u4f7f\u7528HttpClient\u53d1\u9001GET\u8bf7\u6c42 this.http.get('https:\/\/api.example.com\/items').subscribe(data =&gt; { console.log(data); });<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u5728Angular\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528<code>HttpClient<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2aGET\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5c0f\u8282\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u89c9\u5f97\u5408\u9002\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u5c0f\u8282\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a\/ACg8ocLh4B_kew_Ugyfq9egjobpny7AWdKDF1KOH64Elebx0ZhM=s96-c\" alt=\"User\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bf7\u7ee7\u7eedChatGPT<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1.3 \u672c\u6559\u7a0b\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u548c\u9884\u5907\u77e5\u8bc6<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u63cf\u8ff0<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u672c\u6559\u7a0b\u65e8\u5728\u6559\u6388\u5982\u4f55\u5728Angular\u524d\u7aef\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u8bbf\u95eeRestAPI\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4ece\u57fa\u7840\u6982\u5ff5\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u9010\u6b65\u6df1\u5165\u5230\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u548c\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002\u672c\u6559\u7a0b\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u524d\u7aef\u5f00\u53d1\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u8bfb\u8005\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u5df2\u7ecf\u719f\u6089Angular\u57fa\u7840\u548c\u6709\u4e00\u5b9aJavaScript\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u5f00\u59cb\u672c\u6559\u7a0b\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u60a8\u5e94\u8be5\u5177\u5907\u4ee5\u4e0b\u9884\u5907\u77e5\u8bc6\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u57fa\u7840\u7684HTML\u3001CSS\u548cJavaScript\u77e5\u8bc6<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7406\u89e3Angular\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5982\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3001\u6a21\u5757\u548c\u670d\u52a1<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7b80\u5355\u4e86\u89e3HTTP\u534f\u8bae\u548cRestAPI<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u60a8\u5148\u5b66\u4e60\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u6559\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e00\u5c0f\u8282\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4ecb\u7ecd\u548c\u51c6\u5907\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\u7b2c\u4e09\u5c0f\u8282\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5c0f\u8282\u90fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u89c9\u5f97\u5408\u9002\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fdb\u884c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a\/ACg8ocLh4B_kew_Ugyfq9egjobpny7AWdKDF1KOH64Elebx0ZhM=s96-c\" alt=\"User\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bf7\u7ee7\u7eedChatGPT<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\uff1aAngular\u73af\u5883\u51c6\u5907<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.1 \u5b89\u88c5Node.js\u548cnpm<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u63cf\u8ff0<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u5f00\u59cb\u4f7f\u7528Angular\u8fdb\u884c\u5f00\u53d1\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u60a8\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86Node.js\u548cnpm\uff08Node Package Manager\uff09\u3002Node.js\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2aJavaScript\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u5927\u91cf\u5e93\u548c\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u524d\u7aef\u5f00\u53d1\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>npm\u662fNode.js\u7684\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u7ba1\u7406Node.js\u5e93\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002Angular CLI\uff08\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177\uff09\u4e5f\u662f\u901a\u8fc7npm\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u786e\u4fdd\u60a8\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86Node.js\u548cnpm\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6253\u5f00\u7ec8\u7aef\u6216\u547d\u4ee4\u63d0\u793a\u7b26\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u4ee5\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86Node.js\u548cnpm\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>bashCopy code<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>node -v npm -v<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fd4\u56de\u4e86\u7248\u672c\u53f7\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u60a8\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86Node.js\u548cnpm\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u5b89\u88c5\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee<a href=\"https:\/\/nodejs.org\/\">Node.js\u5b98\u7f51<\/a>\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5e76\u5b89\u88c5\u6700\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u7684Node.js\uff0cnpm\u4f1a\u968f\u4e4b\u4e00\u8d77\u5b89\u88c5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u518d\u6b21\u8fd0\u884c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u547d\u4ee4\u4ee5\u786e\u8ba4\u5b89\u88c5\u6210\u529f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c0f\u8282\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u89c9\u5f97\u5408\u9002\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u5c0f\u8282\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a\/ACg8ocLh4B_kew_Ugyfq9egjobpny7AWdKDF1KOH64Elebx0ZhM=s96-c\" alt=\"User\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bf7\u7ee7\u7eedChatGPT<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.2 \u521b\u5efaAngular\u9879\u76ee<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u63cf\u8ff0<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86Node.js\u548cnpm\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u60a8\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f00\u59cb\u521b\u5efa\u60a8\u7684Angular\u9879\u76ee\u4e86\u3002Angular CLI\uff08Command Line Interface\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u3001\u5f00\u53d1\u3001\u6784\u5efa\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4Angular\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u5730\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684Angular\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6dfb\u52a0\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3001\u6a21\u5757\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u5c0f\u8282\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5b66\u4e60\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Angular CLI\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684Angular\u9879\u76ee\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b0\u9879\u76ee\u5c06\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u540e\u7eed\u7ae0\u8282\u4e2d\u8bbf\u95eeRestAPI\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6253\u5f00\u7ec8\u7aef\u6216\u547d\u4ee4\u63d0\u793a\u7b26\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u4ee5\u5168\u5c40\u5b89\u88c5Angular CLI\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>bashCopy code<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>npm install -g @angular\/cli<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684Angular\u9879\u76ee\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>bashCopy code<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>ng new my-angular-app<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c<code>my-angular-app<\/code>\u662f\u60a8\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u6539\u5b83\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u521b\u5efa\u9879\u76ee\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0cCLI\u4f1a\u8be2\u95ee\u60a8\u662f\u5426\u8981\u6dfb\u52a0Angular\u8def\u7531\u548c\u54ea\u79cd\u6837\u5f0f\uff08CSS\u3001SCSS\u3001LESS\u7b49\uff09\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9879\u76ee\u521b\u5efa\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u8fdb\u5165\u9879\u76ee\u76ee\u5f55\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>bashCopy code<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>cd my-angular-app<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u542f\u52a8\u5f00\u53d1\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>bashCopy code<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>ng serve<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e2d\u8bbf\u95ee <code>http:\/\/localhost:4200\/<\/code>\uff0c\u60a8\u5e94\u8be5\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u521b\u5efa\u7684Angular\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5c0f\u8282\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u89c9\u5f97\u5408\u9002\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u5c0f\u8282\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a\/ACg8ocLh4B_kew_Ugyfq9egjobpny7AWdKDF1KOH64Elebx0ZhM=s96-c\" alt=\"User\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bf7\u7ee7\u7eedChatGPT<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2 \/ 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.3 Angular CLI\u57fa\u7840<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u63cf\u8ff0<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Angular CLI\u662fAngular\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u5f3a\u5927\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u751f\u6210\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u6784\u5efa\u5757\uff0c\u5982\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3001\u6307\u4ee4\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u7b49\u3002\u4e86\u89e3Angular CLI\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u547d\u4ee4\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u8fdb\u884cAngular\u5f00\u53d1\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u5e2e\u52a9\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u5c0f\u8282\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684Angular CLI\u547d\u4ee4\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c06\u4e3a\u60a8\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u5de5\u4f5c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4fbf\u5229\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u751f\u6210\u7ec4\u4ef6<\/strong><br>\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff1abashCopy code<code>ng generate component my-component <\/code>\u6216\u7b80\u5199\u4e3a\uff1abashCopy code<code>ng g c my-component<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u751f\u6210\u670d\u52a1<\/strong><br>\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u670d\u52a1\uff1abashCopy code<code>ng generate service my-service <\/code>\u6216\u7b80\u5199\u4e3a\uff1abashCopy code<code>ng g s my-service<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u6784\u5efa\u9879\u76ee<\/strong><br>\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6784\u5efa\u60a8\u7684Angular\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c06\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a<code>dist\/<\/code>\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u7528\u4e8e\u90e8\u7f72\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff1abashCopy code<code>ng build<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u8fd0\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/strong><br>\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fd0\u884c\u60a8\u7684\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff1abashCopy code<code>ng test<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u6dfb\u52a0\u4f9d\u8d56\u5e93<\/strong><br>\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6dfb\u52a0Angular Material\u5e93\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9879\u76ee\u4f9d\u8d56\uff1abashCopy code<code>ng add @angular\/material<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53ea\u662fAngular CLI\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u4e00\u5c0f\u90e8\u5206\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u719f\u6089\u8fd9\u4e9b\u57fa\u7840\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u60a8\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u5730\u8fdb\u884cAngular\u5f00\u53d1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\u7b2c\u4e09\u5c0f\u8282\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5c0f\u8282\u90fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u89c9\u5f97\u5408\u9002\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fdb\u884c\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a\/ACg8ocLh4B_kew_Ugyfq9egjobpny7AWdKDF1KOH64Elebx0ZhM=s96-c\" alt=\"User\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bf7\u7ee7\u7eedChatGPT<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\uff1aRestAPI\u57fa\u7840<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.1 \u4ec0\u4e48\u662fRestAPI<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u63cf\u8ff0<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>RestAPI\uff08Representational State Transfer API\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5efa\u7acb\u5728HTTP\u534f\u8bae\u4e4b\u4e0a\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u89c4\u8303\u3002\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u524d\u7aef\u548c\u540e\u7aef\uff09\u901a\u8fc7\u6807\u51c6\u7684HTTP\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08\u5982GET\u3001POST\u3001PUT\u3001DELETE\u7b49\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>RestAPI\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\u662f\u8d44\u6e90\uff08Resource\uff09\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2aURL\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u79cd\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u901a\u8fc7HTTP\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8d44\u6e90\u8fdb\u884c\u5404\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5982\u8bfb\u53d6\uff08GET\uff09\u3001\u521b\u5efa\uff08POST\uff09\u3001\u66f4\u65b0\uff08PUT\uff09\u548c\u5220\u9664\uff08DELETE\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>RestAPI\u901a\u5e38\u8fd4\u56deJSON\u6216XML\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u5728\u524d\u7aef\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3RestAPI\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\u662f\u8fdb\u884c\u524d\u540e\u7aef\u5206\u79bb\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e00\u5c0f\u8282\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4ecb\u7ecdRestAPI\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u3002\u4f46\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u7684RestAPI\u7684HTTP GET\u8bf7\u6c42\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>HTTP GET\u8bf7\u6c42<\/strong>vbnetCopy code<code>GET \/users\/1 HTTP\/1.1 Host: api.example.com<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>HTTP\u54cd\u5e94<\/strong>cssCopy code<code>HTTP\/1.1 200 OK Content-Type: application\/json { \"id\": 1, \"name\": \"John Doe\", \"email\": \"john.doe@example.com\" }<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c0f\u8282\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u89c9\u5f97\u5408\u9002\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u5c0f\u8282\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a\/ACg8ocLh4B_kew_Ugyfq9egjobpny7AWdKDF1KOH64Elebx0ZhM=s96-c\" alt=\"User\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bf7\u7ee7\u7eedChatGPT<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.2 HTTP\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u63cf\u8ff0<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>HTTP\uff08HyperText Transfer Protocol\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7528\u4e8e\u4f20\u8f93\u8d85\u6587\u672c\uff08\u5982HTML\u6587\u4ef6\uff09\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u5728RestAPI\u4e2d\uff0cHTTP\u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9a\u4e49\u5bf9\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e9bHTTP\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ca\u5176\u7528\u9014\u662f\u638c\u63e1RestAPI\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684HTTP\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>GET<\/strong>: \u7528\u4e8e\u83b7\u53d6\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>POST<\/strong>: \u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>PUT<\/strong>: \u7528\u4e8e\u66f4\u65b0\u73b0\u6709\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>DELETE<\/strong>: \u7528\u4e8e\u5220\u9664\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9664\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u57fa\u7840\u65b9\u6cd5\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u4e00\u4e9bHTTP\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982PATCH\uff08\u7528\u4e8e\u90e8\u5206\u66f4\u65b0\u8d44\u6e90\uff09\u3001HEAD\uff08\u7528\u4e8e\u83b7\u53d6\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u5143\u4fe1\u606f\uff09\u7b49\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u672c\u6559\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4e3b\u8981\u5173\u6ce8\u8fd9\u56db\u4e2a\u57fa\u7840\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4f7f\u7528JavaScript\u7684Fetch API\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0d\u540cHTTP\u65b9\u6cd5\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>GET\u8bf7\u6c42<\/strong>javascriptCopy code<code>fetch('https:\/\/api.example.com\/items\/1') .then(response =&gt; response.json()) .then(data =&gt; console.log(data));<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>POST\u8bf7\u6c42<\/strong>javascriptCopy code<code>fetch('https:\/\/api.example.com\/items', { method: 'POST', headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application\/json' }, body: JSON.stringify({name: 'New Item'}) }) .then(response =&gt; response.json()) .then(data =&gt; console.log(data));<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>PUT\u8bf7\u6c42<\/strong>javascriptCopy code<code>fetch('https:\/\/api.example.com\/items\/1', { method: 'PUT', headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application\/json' }, body: JSON.stringify({name: 'Updated Item'}) }) .then(response =&gt; response.json()) .then(data =&gt; console.log(data));<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>DELETE\u8bf7\u6c42<\/strong>javascriptCopy code<code>fetch('https:\/\/api.example.com\/items\/1', { method: 'DELETE' }) .then(response =&gt; response.json()) .then(data =&gt; console.log(data));<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u793a\u4f8b\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684HTTP\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884cRestAPI\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5c0f\u8282\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u89c9\u5f97\u5408\u9002\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u5c0f\u8282\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a\/ACg8ocLh4B_kew_Ugyfq9egjobpny7AWdKDF1KOH64Elebx0ZhM=s96-c\" alt=\"User\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bf7\u7ee7\u7eedChatGPT<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.3 API\u54cd\u5e94\u548c\u72b6\u6001\u7801<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u63cf\u8ff0<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f53\u60a8\u5411RestAPI\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2aHTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u540e\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u54cd\u5e94\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u3001\u54cd\u5e94\u5934\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u4f53\u3002\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e09\u4f4d\u6570\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8868\u793a\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u5e38\u89c1\u7684HTTP\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u53ca\u5176\u542b\u4e49\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u8bca\u65ad\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u7406\u89e3API\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684HTTP\u72b6\u6001\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>200 OK<\/strong>: \u8bf7\u6c42\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u54cd\u5e94\u4f53\u4e2d\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u542b\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>201 Created<\/strong>: \u8d44\u6e90\u6210\u529f\u521b\u5efa\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8ePOST\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>204 No Content<\/strong>: \u8bf7\u6c42\u6210\u529f\u4f46\u6ca1\u6709\u5185\u5bb9\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8eDELETE\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>400 Bad Request<\/strong>: \u8bf7\u6c42\u683c\u5f0f\u9519\u8bef\u6216\u65e0\u6cd5\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>401 Unauthorized<\/strong>: \u8bf7\u6c42\u7f3a\u5c11\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u51ed\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>403 Forbidden<\/strong>: \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7406\u89e3\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u4f46\u62d2\u7edd\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>404 Not Found<\/strong>: \u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>500 Internal Server Error<\/strong>: \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5185\u90e8\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f7f\u7528JavaScript\u7684Fetch API\u53d1\u9001GET\u8bf7\u6c42\u5e76\u5904\u7406\u4e0d\u540c\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>javascriptCopy code<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>fetch('https:\/\/api.example.com\/items\/1') .then(response =&gt; { if (response.status === 200) { return response.json(); } else if (response.status === 404) { throw new Error('Item not found'); } else { throw new Error('An error occurred'); } }) .then(data =&gt; console.log(data)) .catch(error =&gt; console.error(error));<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u68c0\u67e5\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u3002\u5982\u679c\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u662f200\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u89e3\u6790\u54cd\u5e94\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684JSON\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5982\u679c\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u662f404\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u629b\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u201cItem not found\u201d\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u72b6\u6001\u7801\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u629b\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u201cAn error occurred\u201d\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\u7b2c\u4e09\u5c0f\u8282\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5c0f\u8282\u90fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u89c9\u5f97\u5408\u9002\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fdb\u884c\u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a\/ACg8ocLh4B_kew_Ugyfq9egjobpny7AWdKDF1KOH64Elebx0ZhM=s96-c\" alt=\"User\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bf7\u7ee7\u7eedChatGPT<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0\uff1aAngular\u4e2d\u7684HTTP\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.1 \u5f15\u5165HttpClient\u6a21\u5757<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u63cf\u8ff0<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728Angular\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884cHTTP\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u4f7f\u7528<code>HttpClient<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u7ec4\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u548c\u5904\u7406HTTP\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u5728\u5f00\u59cb\u4f7f\u7528<code>HttpClient<\/code>\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u5728\u60a8\u7684Angular\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u5f15\u5165\u5e76\u914d\u7f6e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>HttpClient<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u662fAngular\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5305\u542b\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2aAngular\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u624b\u52a8\u6dfb\u52a0\u5b83\u5230\u60a8\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5728\u60a8\u7684Angular\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u627e\u5230<code>AppModule<\/code>\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u4f4d\u4e8e<code>src\/app\/app.module.ts<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff09\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5f15\u5165<code>HttpClientModule<\/code>\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>typescriptCopy code<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>\/\/ \u5f15\u5165HttpClientModule import { HttpClientModule } from '@angular\/common\/http'; @NgModule({ declarations: [ \/\/ ...\u60a8\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3001\u6307\u4ee4\u3001\u7ba1\u9053 ], imports: [ \/\/ ...\u60a8\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6a21\u5757 HttpClientModule \/\/ \u6dfb\u52a0HttpClientModule\u5230imports\u6570\u7ec4 ], bootstrap: [AppComponent] }) export class AppModule { }<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\uff0c\u60a8\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6574\u4e2aAngular\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528<code>HttpClient<\/code>\u670d\u52a1\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u5728\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884cHTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u7ec4\u4ef6\u6216\u670d\u52a1\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4f9d\u8d56\u6ce8\u5165\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5f15\u5165<code>HttpClient<\/code>\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>typescriptCopy code<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>import { HttpClient } from '@angular\/common\/http'; constructor(private http: HttpClient) { }<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u60a8\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u529f\u5730\u5728\u60a8\u7684Angular\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u5f15\u5165\u4e86<code>HttpClient<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f00\u59cb\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u8fdb\u884cHTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c0f\u8282\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u89c9\u5f97\u5408\u9002\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u5c0f\u8282\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a\/ACg8ocLh4B_kew_Ugyfq9egjobpny7AWdKDF1KOH64Elebx0ZhM=s96-c\" alt=\"User\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bf7\u7ee7\u7eedChatGPT<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.2 \u53d1\u9001GET\u8bf7\u6c42<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u63cf\u8ff0<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u5f15\u5165\u4e86<code>HttpClient<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f00\u59cb\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u8fdb\u884cHTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e86\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u7c7b\u578b\u662fGET\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5728Angular\u4e2d\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>HttpClient<\/code>\u7684<code>get<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u53d1\u9001GET\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a<code>get<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2aObservable\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba2\u9605\u8fd9\u4e2aObservable\u4ee5\u5904\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002Observable\u662fRxJS\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u4f18\u96c5\u3001\u53ef\u8bfb\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u5904\u7406\u5f02\u6b65\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5728Angular\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e2d\u53d1\u9001GET\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>typescriptCopy code<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular\/core'; import { HttpClient } from '@angular\/common\/http'; @Component({ selector: 'app-my-component', template: '&lt;div&gt;{{ data }}&lt;\/div&gt;' }) export class MyComponent implements OnInit { data: any; constructor(private http: HttpClient) { } ngOnInit(): void { \/\/ \u53d1\u9001GET\u8bf7\u6c42 this.http.get('https:\/\/api.example.com\/items\/1').subscribe( (response) =&gt; { \/\/ \u6210\u529f\u5904\u7406\u903b\u8f91 this.data = response; }, (error) =&gt; { \/\/ \u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u903b\u8f91 console.error('There was an error!', error); } ); } }<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728<code>ngOnInit<\/code>\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u94a9\u5b50\u4e2d\u53d1\u9001\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2aGET\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8ba2\u9605\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684Observable\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u6570\u636e\u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de\u65f6\u66f4\u65b0\u4e86\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7684<code>data<\/code>\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u5728\u53d1\u751f\u9519\u8bef\u65f6\u6253\u5370\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u6d88\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u60a8\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7684\u6a21\u677f\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5c0f\u8282\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u89c9\u5f97\u5408\u9002\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u5c0f\u8282\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a\/ACg8ocLh4B_kew_Ugyfq9egjobpny7AWdKDF1KOH64Elebx0ZhM=s96-c\" alt=\"User\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bf7\u7ee7\u7eedChatGPT<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.3 \u53d1\u9001POST\u8bf7\u6c42<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u63cf\u8ff0<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9664\u4e86GET\u8bf7\u6c42\u7528\u4e8e\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\uff0cPOST\u8bf7\u6c42\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u5411\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u5728Angular\u4e2d\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>HttpClient<\/code>\u7684<code>post<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u53d1\u9001POST\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0e<code>get<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c<code>post<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e5f\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2aObservable\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba2\u9605\u8fd9\u4e2aObservable\u4ee5\u5904\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6216\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u53d1\u9001POST\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\uff0c\u60a8\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u5728\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\uff08request body\uff09\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u901a\u5e38\u662fJSON\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5982\u8868\u5355\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5728Angular\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e2d\u53d1\u9001POST\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>typescriptCopy code<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular\/core'; import { HttpClient } from '@angular\/common\/http'; @Component({ selector: 'app-my-component', template: '&lt;div&gt;{{ message }}&lt;\/div&gt;' }) export class MyComponent implements OnInit { message: string; constructor(private http: HttpClient) { } ngOnInit(): void { \/\/ \u8981\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u6570\u636e const payload = { name: 'New Item', description: 'Description of new item' }; \/\/ \u53d1\u9001POST\u8bf7\u6c42 this.http.post('https:\/\/api.example.com\/items', payload).subscribe( (response) =&gt; { \/\/ \u6210\u529f\u5904\u7406\u903b\u8f91 this.message = 'Item successfully created!'; }, (error) =&gt; { \/\/ \u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u903b\u8f91 this.message = 'There was an error!'; console.error('There was an error!', error); } ); } }<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a<code>payload<\/code>\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528<code>HttpClient<\/code>\u7684<code>post<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u53d1\u9001\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2aPOST\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06<code>payload<\/code>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0eGET\u8bf7\u6c42\u793a\u4f8b\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8ba2\u9605\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684Observable\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u6570\u636e\u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de\u65f6\u66f4\u65b0\u4e86\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7684<code>message<\/code>\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u5728\u53d1\u751f\u9519\u8bef\u65f6\u6253\u5370\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u6d88\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0\u7b2c\u4e09\u5c0f\u8282\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u89c9\u5f97\u5408\u9002\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u5c0f\u8282\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a\/ACg8ocLh4B_kew_Ugyfq9egjobpny7AWdKDF1KOH64Elebx0ZhM=s96-c\" alt=\"User\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bf7\u7ee7\u7eedChatGPT<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.4 \u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u63cf\u8ff0<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8fdb\u884cHTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\uff0c\u603b\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u5404\u79cd\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u5982\u7f51\u7edc\u6545\u969c\u3001\u65e0\u6548\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u53c2\u6570\u6216\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5185\u90e8\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6b63\u786e\u5730\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9519\u8bef\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u5e78\u8fd0\u7684\u662f\uff0cAngular\u7684<code>HttpClient<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u7b80\u5355\u800c\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f53HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u5931\u8d25\u65f6\uff0c<code>HttpClient<\/code>\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u7684Observable\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5728<code>subscribe<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u6355\u83b7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5728Angular\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>typescriptCopy code<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular\/core'; import { HttpClient } from '@angular\/common\/http'; @Component({ selector: 'app-my-component', template: '&lt;div&gt;{{ message }}&lt;\/div&gt;' }) export class MyComponent implements OnInit { message: string; constructor(private http: HttpClient) { } ngOnInit(): void { \/\/ \u53d1\u9001GET\u8bf7\u6c42 this.http.get('https:\/\/api.example.com\/items\/1').subscribe( (response) =&gt; { \/\/ \u6210\u529f\u5904\u7406\u903b\u8f91 this.message = 'Data successfully fetched!'; }, (error) =&gt; { \/\/ \u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u903b\u8f91 this.message = 'There was an error!'; console.error('There was an error!', error); } ); } }<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728<code>subscribe<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u6210\u529f\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f53\u8bf7\u6c42\u6210\u529f\u65f6\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\u4f1a\u88ab\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u5e76\u66f4\u65b0\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7684<code>message<\/code>\u5c5e\u6027\u3002\u5f53\u8bf7\u6c42\u5931\u8d25\u65f6\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\u4f1a\u88ab\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u66f4\u65b0<code>message<\/code>\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u6253\u5370\u9519\u8bef\u8be6\u60c5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u60a8\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u60c5\u51b5\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0\u7b2c\u56db\u5c0f\u8282\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u89c9\u5f97\u5408\u9002\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u5c0f\u8282\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a\/ACg8ocLh4B_kew_Ugyfq9egjobpny7AWdKDF1KOH64Elebx0ZhM=s96-c\" alt=\"User\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bf7\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u7b2c\u4e94\u7ae0\uff1a\u4e0eRestAPI\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u6280\u672f\u76845.1 \u4f7f\u7528ObservablesChatGPT<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.1 \u4f7f\u7528Observables<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u63cf\u8ff0<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728Angular\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0eRestAPI\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u6982\u5ff5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528Observable\u3002Observable\u6765\u81eaRxJS\u5e93\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u5f02\u6b65\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u4e0ePromise\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0cObservable\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u5982\u53d6\u6d88\u8bf7\u6c42\u3001\u91cd\u8bd5\u3001\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f53\u60a8\u4f7f\u7528Angular\u7684<code>HttpClient<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4e2aObservable\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba2\u9605\u8fd9\u4e2aObservable\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5f53\u6570\u636e\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd4\u56de\u65f6\uff0c\u60a8\u7684\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\u5c31\u4f1a\u88ab\u8c03\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528Observable\u7684\u597d\u5904\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u80fd\u591f\u5904\u7406\u5f02\u6b65\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u5b83\u8fd8\u5141\u8bb8\u60a8\u7ec4\u5408\u591a\u4e2aObservable\u3001\u5e94\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\uff08\u5982<code>map<\/code>\u3001<code>filter<\/code>\u3001<code>switchMap<\/code>\u7b49\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u5171\u4eabObservable\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f7f\u7528Observable\u8fdb\u884cHTTP GET\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>typescriptCopy code<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular\/core'; import { HttpClient } from '@angular\/common\/http'; import { catchError } from 'rxjs\/operators'; import { throwError } from 'rxjs'; @Component({ selector: 'app-my-component', template: '&lt;div&gt;{{ data }}&lt;\/div&gt;' }) export class MyComponent implements OnInit { data: any; constructor(private http: HttpClient) { } ngOnInit(): void { \/\/ \u53d1\u9001GET\u8bf7\u6c42\u5e76\u8ba2\u9605Observable this.http.get('https:\/\/api.example.com\/items\/1') .pipe( catchError(this.handleError) ) .subscribe( (response) =&gt; { \/\/ \u6210\u529f\u5904\u7406\u903b\u8f91 this.data = response; } ); } \/\/ \u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u51fd\u6570 private handleError(error: any) { console.error('An error occurred:', error); return throwError('Something went wrong; please try again later.'); } }<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86RxJS\u7684<code>catchError<\/code>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u6765\u5904\u7406\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8bf7\u6c42\u5931\u8d25\uff0c<code>handleError<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u4f1a\u88ab\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u6dfb\u52a0\u60a8\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u903b\u8f91\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u60a8\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528Observable\u7684\u5f3a\u5927\u529f\u80fd\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u3001\u66f4\u7075\u6d3b\u7684HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u7b2c\u4e94\u7ae0\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c0f\u8282\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u89c9\u5f97\u5408\u9002\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u5c0f\u8282\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a\/ACg8ocLh4B_kew_Ugyfq9egjobpny7AWdKDF1KOH64Elebx0ZhM=s96-c\" alt=\"User\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bf7\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u7b2c\u4e94\u7ae0\uff1a\u4e0eRestAPI\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u6280\u672f\u76845.2 \u4f7f\u7528PromisesChatGPT<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.2 \u4f7f\u7528Promises<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u63cf\u8ff0<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u867d\u7136Angular\u7684<code>HttpClient<\/code>\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8fd4\u56deObservable\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4f46\u60a8\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aPromise\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5728\u90a3\u4e9b\u66f4\u4e60\u60ef\u4f7f\u7528Promise\u7684\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u3002Promise\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u5f02\u6b65\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5b83\u6709\u4e09\u79cd\u72b6\u6001\uff1apending\uff08\u7b49\u5f85\uff09\u3001fulfilled\uff08\u5b8c\u6210\uff09\u548crejected\uff08\u62d2\u7edd\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0eObservable\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0cPromise\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u5c11\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u3002Promise\u4e00\u65e6\u88ab\u89e3\u51b3\u6216\u62d2\u7edd\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u518d\u6539\u53d8\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f7f\u7528Promise\u8fdb\u884cHTTP GET\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>typescriptCopy code<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular\/core'; import { HttpClient } from '@angular\/common\/http'; @Component({ selector: 'app-my-component', template: '&lt;div&gt;{{ data }}&lt;\/div&gt;' }) export class MyComponent implements OnInit { data: any; constructor(private http: HttpClient) { } ngOnInit(): void { \/\/ \u53d1\u9001GET\u8bf7\u6c42\u5e76\u5c06Observable\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aPromise this.http.get('https:\/\/api.example.com\/items\/1').toPromise() .then((response) =&gt; { \/\/ \u6210\u529f\u5904\u7406\u903b\u8f91 this.data = response; }) .catch((error) =&gt; { \/\/ \u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u903b\u8f91 console.error('There was an error!', error); }); } }<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86<code>toPromise()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06Observable\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aPromise\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528<code>then()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u5904\u7406\u6210\u529f\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528<code>catch()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u5904\u7406\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528Promise\u65f6\uff0c\u60a8\u5c06\u5931\u53bbObservable\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u9ad8\u7ea7\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5982\u53d6\u6d88\u8bf7\u6c42\u6216\u4f7f\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u573a\u666f\u6216\u4e0e\u4f7f\u7528Promise\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\u96c6\u6210\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u7b2c\u4e94\u7ae0\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5c0f\u8282\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u89c9\u5f97\u5408\u9002\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u5c0f\u8282\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a\/ACg8ocLh4B_kew_Ugyfq9egjobpny7AWdKDF1KOH64Elebx0ZhM=s96-c\" alt=\"User\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bf7\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u7b2c\u4e94\u7ae0\uff1a\u4e0eRestAPI\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u6280\u672f\u76845.3 \u4f7f\u7528Async\/AwaitChatGPT<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.3 \u4f7f\u7528Async\/Await<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u63cf\u8ff0<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Async\/Await\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u73b0\u4ee3\u7684JavaScript\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u7b80\u5316\u5f02\u6b65\u7f16\u7a0b\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5141\u8bb8\u60a8\u4ee5\u540c\u6b65\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u7f16\u5199\u5f02\u6b65\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u3002\u5f53\u60a8\u4f7f\u7528Promise\u65f6\uff0cAsync\/Await\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u7b80\u6d01\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728Angular\u4e2d\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7ec4\u4ef6\u6216\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528<code>async<\/code>\u548c<code>await<\/code>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u3002\u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u4e0e\u5c06<code>HttpClient<\/code>\u7684Observable\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aPromise\u4e00\u8d77\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5728Angular\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528Async\/Await\u8fdb\u884cHTTP GET\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>typescriptCopy code<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular\/core'; import { HttpClient } from '@angular\/common\/http'; @Component({ selector: 'app-my-component', template: '&lt;div&gt;{{ data }}&lt;\/div&gt;' }) export class MyComponent implements OnInit { data: any; constructor(private http: HttpClient) { } async ngOnInit(): Promise&lt;void&gt; { try { \/\/ \u4f7f\u7528await\u7b49\u5f85Promise\u89e3\u6790 const response = await this.http.get('https:\/\/api.example.com\/items\/1').toPromise(); \/\/ \u6210\u529f\u5904\u7406\u903b\u8f91 this.data = response; } catch (error) { \/\/ \u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u903b\u8f91 console.error('There was an error!', error); } } }<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u5c06<code>ngOnInit<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a<code>async<\/code>\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528<code>await<\/code>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528<code>await<\/code>\u7b49\u5f85GET\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684Promise\u89e3\u6790\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8bf7\u6c42\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u66f4\u65b0\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7684<code>data<\/code>\u5c5e\u6027\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8bf7\u6c42\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6355\u83b7\u9519\u8bef\u5e76\u5728\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u4e2d\u6253\u5370\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528Async\/Await\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u60a8\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u7b80\u6d01\uff0c\u66f4\u6613\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5f53\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u591a\u4e2a\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u5f02\u6b65\u64cd\u4f5c\u65f6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u7b2c\u4e94\u7ae0\u7b2c\u4e09\u5c0f\u8282\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u89c9\u5f97\u5408\u9002\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u5c0f\u8282\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a\/ACg8ocLh4B_kew_Ugyfq9egjobpny7AWdKDF1KOH64Elebx0ZhM=s96-c\" alt=\"User\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bf7\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u7b2c\u516d\u7ae0\uff1a\u5b9e\u6218\u6848\u4f8b\u76846.1 \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7528\u6237\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edfChatGPT<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6.1 \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7528\u6237\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u63cf\u8ff0<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b9e\u6218\u6848\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7528\u6237\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5c55\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u5728Angular\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u4e0eRestAPI\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c06\u5177\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u529f\u80fd\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5217\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\uff08GET\u8bf7\u6c42\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u67e5\u770b\u5355\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u8be6\u60c5\uff08GET\u8bf7\u6c42\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u7528\u6237\uff08POST\u8bf7\u6c42\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u66f4\u65b0\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f\uff08PUT\u8bf7\u6c42\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237\uff08DELETE\u8bf7\u6c42\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u62df\u7684RestAPI\u670d\u52a1\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cJSONPlaceholder\u6216\u4e00\u4e2a\u672c\u5730\u7684Mock API\uff09\u4f5c\u4e3a\u540e\u7aef\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aAngular\u670d\u52a1\u6765\u5c01\u88c5\u6240\u6709\u4e0eAPI\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u903b\u8f91\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>typescriptCopy code<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>import { Injectable } from '@angular\/core'; import { HttpClient } from '@angular\/common\/http'; @Injectable({ providedIn: 'root' }) export class UserService { private apiUrl = 'https:\/\/jsonplaceholder.typicode.com\/users'; constructor(private http: HttpClient) { } \/\/ \u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237 getUsers() { return this.http.get(`${this.apiUrl}`); } \/\/ \u83b7\u53d6\u5355\u4e2a\u7528\u6237 getUser(id: number) { return this.http.get(`${this.apiUrl}\/${id}`); } \/\/ \u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u7528\u6237 addUser(user: any) { return this.http.post(`${this.apiUrl}`, user); } \/\/ \u66f4\u65b0\u7528\u6237 updateUser(id: number, user: any) { return this.http.put(`${this.apiUrl}\/${id}`, user); } \/\/ \u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237 deleteUser(id: number) { return this.http.delete(`${this.apiUrl}\/${id}`); } }<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u5728\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>typescriptCopy code<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular\/core'; import { UserService } from '.\/user.service'; @Component({ selector: 'app-user-list', template: ` &lt;div *ngFor=\"let user of users\"&gt; {{ user.name }} &lt;\/div&gt; ` }) export class UserListComponent implements OnInit { users: any[] = []; constructor(private userService: UserService) { } ngOnInit(): void { this.userService.getUsers().subscribe( (data: any[]) =&gt; { this.users = data; }, (error) =&gt; { console.error('There was an error!', error); } ); } }<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a<code>UserService<\/code>\u6765\u5904\u7406\u6240\u6709\u4e0e\u7528\u6237\u76f8\u5173\u7684API\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u5728<code>UserListComponent<\/code>\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u5e76\u663e\u793a\u5b83\u4eec\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b9e\u6218\u6848\u4f8b\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6b64\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u6dfb\u52a0\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u7ec6\u8282\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u7b2c\u516d\u7ae0\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c0f\u8282\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u89c9\u5f97\u5408\u9002\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u5c0f\u8282\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a\/ACg8ocLh4B_kew_Ugyfq9egjobpny7AWdKDF1KOH64Elebx0ZhM=s96-c\" alt=\"User\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bf7\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u7b2c\u516d\u7ae0\uff1a\u5b9e\u6218\u6848\u4f8b\u76846.2 \u4e0e\u540e\u7aefAPI\u4ea4\u4e92ChatGPT<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6.2 \u4e0e\u540e\u7aefAPI\u4ea4\u4e92<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u63cf\u8ff0<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u524d\u9762\u7684\u5b9e\u6218\u6848\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u62df\u7684RestAPI\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u60a8\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u4e0e\u4e00\u4e2a\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u540e\u7aefAPI\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u989d\u5916\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u548c\u8003\u8651\uff0c\u5982\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3001\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u3001\u5206\u9875\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u5c0f\u8282\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u63a2\u8ba8\u5982\u4f55\u5728Angular\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u4e0e\u4e00\u4e2a\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u540e\u7aefAPI\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528JWT\uff08JSON Web Token\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u5e76\u5c55\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u66f4\u65b0<code>UserService<\/code>\u4ee5\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684<code>Authorization<\/code>\u5934\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>typescriptCopy code<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>import { Injectable } from '@angular\/core'; import { HttpClient, HttpHeaders } from '@angular\/common\/http'; @Injectable({ providedIn: 'root' }) export class UserService { private apiUrl = 'https:\/\/your-real-api.com\/users'; private headers = new HttpHeaders({ 'Authorization': 'Bearer YOUR_ACCESS_TOKEN' }); constructor(private http: HttpClient) { } \/\/ \u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237 getUsers() { return this.http.get(`${this.apiUrl}`, { headers: this.headers }); } \/\/ ...\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u6cd5\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u53d8 }<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u6dfb\u52a0\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u903b\u8f91\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>typescriptCopy code<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular\/core'; import { UserService } from '.\/user.service'; @Component({ selector: 'app-user-list', template: ` &lt;div *ngFor=\"let user of users\"&gt; {{ user.name }} &lt;\/div&gt; ` }) export class UserListComponent implements OnInit { users: any[] = []; constructor(private userService: UserService) { } ngOnInit(): void { this.userService.getUsers().subscribe( (data: any[]) =&gt; { this.users = data; }, (error) =&gt; { if (error.status === 401) { \/\/ \u672a\u6388\u6743\uff0c\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\u767b\u5f55\u9875\u9762 } else { \/\/ \u5176\u4ed6\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f console.error('There was an error!', error); } } ); } }<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u66f4\u65b0\u4e86<code>UserService<\/code>\u4ee5\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a<code>Authorization<\/code>\u5934\uff0c\u7528\u4e8eJWT\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728<code>UserListComponent<\/code>\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u903b\u8f91\u3002\u5982\u679c\u51fa\u73b0401\uff08\u672a\u6388\u6743\uff09\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\u767b\u5f55\u9875\u9762\uff1b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5728\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u4e2d\u6253\u5370\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u60a8\u5c31\u6709\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u5b8c\u5584\u3001\u66f4\u63a5\u8fd1\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u7528\u6237\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u7b2c\u516d\u7ae0\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5c0f\u8282\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u89c9\u5f97\u5408\u9002\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u5c0f\u8282\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a\/ACg8ocLh4B_kew_Ugyfq9egjobpny7AWdKDF1KOH64Elebx0ZhM=s96-c\" alt=\"User\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bf7\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u7b2c\u516d\u7ae0\uff1a\u5b9e\u6218\u6848\u4f8b\u76846.3 \u6570\u636e\u7ed1\u5b9a\u548c\u66f4\u65b0ChatGPT<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6.3 \u6570\u636e\u7ed1\u5b9a\u548c\u66f4\u65b0<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u63cf\u8ff0<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u524d\u7aef\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u7ed1\u5b9a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u60a8\u5c06\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u662fTypeScript\u7c7b\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff09\u4e0e\u89c6\u56fe\uff08HTML\u6a21\u677f\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u8fde\u63a5\u3002Angular\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u7ed1\u5b9a\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u63d2\u503c\u3001\u5c5e\u6027\u7ed1\u5b9a\u3001\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7ed1\u5b9a\u548c\u53cc\u5411\u6570\u636e\u7ed1\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u5c0f\u8282\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u63a2\u8ba8\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u7528\u6237\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u7ed1\u5b9a\u548c\u66f4\u65b0\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u5355\u7528\u4e8e\u6dfb\u52a0\u548c\u7f16\u8f91\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u6570\u636e\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5c06\u8868\u5355\u4e0e\u7ec4\u4ef6\u72b6\u6001\u8fde\u63a5\u8d77\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u6dfb\u52a0\u548c\u7f16\u8f91\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8868\u5355\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>htmlCopy code<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>&lt;!-- user-form.component.html --&gt; &lt;form (ngSubmit)=\"onSubmit()\"&gt; &lt;label for=\"username\"&gt;Username:&lt;\/label&gt; &lt;input id=\"username\" [(ngModel)]=\"user.username\" name=\"username\"&gt; &lt;label for=\"email\"&gt;Email:&lt;\/label&gt; &lt;input id=\"email\" [(ngModel)]=\"user.email\" name=\"email\"&gt; &lt;button type=\"submit\"&gt;Save&lt;\/button&gt; &lt;\/form&gt;<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>typescriptCopy code<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>\/\/ user-form.component.ts import { Component, OnInit, Input, Output, EventEmitter } from '@angular\/core'; @Component({ selector: 'app-user-form', templateUrl: '.\/user-form.component.html' }) export class UserFormComponent implements OnInit { @Input() user: any = {}; @Output() userSaved = new EventEmitter&lt;any&gt;(); constructor() { } ngOnInit(): void { } onSubmit() { this.userSaved.emit(this.user); } }<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86<code>@Input()<\/code>\u548c<code>@Output()<\/code>\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u6765\u63a5\u6536\u8f93\u5165\u548c\u53d1\u9001\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<code>user<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u901a\u8fc7<code>@Input()<\/code>\u4f20\u5165\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u8868\u5355\u63d0\u4ea4\u540e\u7684\u65b0\u7528\u6237\u6570\u636e\u662f\u901a\u8fc7<code>@Output()<\/code>\u548c<code>EventEmitter<\/code>\u53d1\u9001\u51fa\u53bb\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u5728\u7236\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8868\u5355\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>typescriptCopy code<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>\/\/ user-list.component.ts import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular\/core'; import { UserService } from '.\/user.service'; @Component({ selector: 'app-user-list', template: ` &lt;app-user-form [user]=\"selectedUser\" (userSaved)=\"saveUser($event)\"&gt;&lt;\/app-user-form&gt; &lt;div *ngFor=\"let user of users\" (click)=\"selectUser(user)\"&gt; {{ user.username }} &lt;\/div&gt; ` }) export class UserListComponent implements OnInit { users: any[] = []; selectedUser: any = {}; constructor(private userService: UserService) { } ngOnInit(): void { this.userService.getUsers().subscribe( (data: any[]) =&gt; { this.users = data; }, (error) =&gt; { console.error('There was an error!', error); } ); } selectUser(user: any) { this.selectedUser = user; } saveUser(user: any) { \/\/ \u4fdd\u5b58\u7528\u6237\u903b\u8f91\uff08\u8c03\u7528API\u7b49\uff09 } }<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a<code>UserFormComponent<\/code>\u7528\u4e8e\u6dfb\u52a0\u548c\u7f16\u8f91\u7528\u6237\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u6570\u636e\u7ed1\u5b9a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8868\u5355\u4e0e<code>UserListComponent<\/code>\u7684<code>selectedUser<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u8fde\u63a5\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u70b9\u51fb\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u4f1a\u88ab\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a<code>selectedUser<\/code>\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u81ea\u52a8\u586b\u5145\u8868\u5355\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u7b2c\u516d\u7ae0\u7b2c\u4e09\u5c0f\u8282\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u89c9\u5f97\u5408\u9002\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u5c0f\u8282\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a\/ACg8ocLh4B_kew_Ugyfq9egjobpny7AWdKDF1KOH64Elebx0ZhM=s96-c\" alt=\"User\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bf7\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u7b2c\u4e03\u7ae0\uff1a\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u6388\u6743\u76847.1 \u4f7f\u7528JWT\u8fdb\u884c\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1ChatGPT<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7.1 \u4f7f\u7528JWT\u8fdb\u884c\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u63cf\u8ff0<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u4e0e\u540e\u7aefAPI\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\u65f6\uff0c\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8003\u8651\u56e0\u7d20\u3002JSON Web Token\uff08JWT\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u52a0\u5bc6\u7684\u4ee4\u724c\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u3002\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u968f\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4ee4\u724c\u9644\u52a0\u5230\u5176\u540e\u7eed\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5934\u90e8\uff0c\u4ee5\u8bc1\u660e\u5176\u8eab\u4efd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u5c0f\u8282\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u63a2\u8ba8\u5982\u4f55\u5728Angular\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528JWT\u8fdb\u884c\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5c55\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u83b7\u53d6JWT\u4ee4\u724c\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u5176\u9644\u52a0\u5230\u540e\u7eed\u7684API\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u670d\u52a1\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>typescriptCopy code<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>import { Injectable } from '@angular\/core'; import { HttpClient } from '@angular\/common\/http'; @Injectable({ providedIn: 'root' }) export class AuthService { private authUrl = 'https:\/\/your-auth-api.com\/token'; constructor(private http: HttpClient) { } \/\/ \u83b7\u53d6JWT\u4ee4\u724c login(username: string, password: string) { const payload = { username, password }; return this.http.post(this.authUrl, payload); } }<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u767b\u5f55\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>typescriptCopy code<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>import { Component } from '@angular\/core'; import { AuthService } from '.\/auth.service'; @Component({ selector: 'app-login', template: ` &lt;button (click)=\"login()\"&gt;Login&lt;\/button&gt; ` }) export class LoginComponent { constructor(private authService: AuthService) { } login() { this.authService.login('username', 'password').subscribe( (response: any) =&gt; { \/\/ \u5b58\u50a8JWT\u4ee4\u724c localStorage.setItem('access_token', response.access_token); }, (error) =&gt; { console.error('There was an error!', error); } ); } }<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u70b9\u51fb\u201cLogin\u201d\u6309\u94ae\u65f6\uff0c<code>login<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f1a\u88ab\u8c03\u7528\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f7f\u7528<code>AuthService<\/code>\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2aPOST\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6JWT\u4ee4\u724c\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u4ee4\u724c\u88ab\u63a5\u6536\uff0c\u5b83\u5c31\u4f1a\u88ab\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7684<code>localStorage<\/code>\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4ee4\u724c\u88ab\u9644\u52a0\u5230\u6240\u6709\u540e\u7eed\u7684API\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u62e6\u622a\u5668\uff08Interceptor\uff09\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>typescriptCopy code<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>import { Injectable } from '@angular\/core'; import { HttpInterceptor, HttpRequest, HttpHandler } from '@angular\/common\/http'; @Injectable() export class AuthInterceptor implements HttpInterceptor { intercept(req: HttpRequest&lt;any&gt;, next: HttpHandler) { const token = localStorage.getItem('access_token'); if (token) { const clonedReq = req.clone({ headers: req.headers.set('Authorization', `Bearer ${token}`) }); return next.handle(clonedReq); } else { return next.handle(req); } } }<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u62e6\u622a\u5668\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u51fa\u7ad9\u7684HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u90fd\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u9644\u5e26JWT\u4ee4\u724c\uff08\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u7b2c\u4e03\u7ae0\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c0f\u8282\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u89c9\u5f97\u5408\u9002\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u5c0f\u8282\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a\/ACg8ocLh4B_kew_Ugyfq9egjobpny7AWdKDF1KOH64Elebx0ZhM=s96-c\" alt=\"User\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bf7\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u7b2c\u4e03\u7ae0\uff1a\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u6388\u6743\u76847.2 \u4f7f\u7528HTTPSChatGPT<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7.2 \u4f7f\u7528HTTPS<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u63cf\u8ff0<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u4e0e\u540e\u7aefAPI\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\u65f6\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8003\u8651\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u4f7f\u7528HTTPS\uff08\u8d85\u6587\u672c\u4f20\u8f93\u5b89\u5168\u534f\u8bae\uff09\u662f\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u5728\u4f20\u8f93\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002HTTPS\u4e0d\u4ec5\u7528\u4e8e\u52a0\u5bc6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8fd8\u7528\u4e8e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u9632\u6b62\u4e2d\u95f4\u4eba\u653b\u51fb\uff08Man-in-the-Middle Attack\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u5c0f\u8282\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u63a2\u8ba8\u5982\u4f55\u5728Angular\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u786e\u4fdd\u6240\u6709\u4e0e\u540e\u7aefAPI\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u90fd\u901a\u8fc7HTTPS\u8fdb\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u4f7f\u7528HTTPS\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u540e\u7aef\u548c\u90e8\u7f72\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u60a8\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Angular\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e9b\u989d\u5916\u7684\u68c0\u67e5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u60a8\u5e94\u786e\u4fdd\u6240\u6709API URL\u90fd\u662f\u4ee5<code>https:\/\/<\/code>\u5f00\u5934\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>typescriptCopy code<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>\/\/ user.service.ts import { Injectable } from '@angular\/core'; import { HttpClient } from '@angular\/common\/http'; @Injectable({ providedIn: 'root' }) export class UserService { private apiUrl = 'https:\/\/your-secure-api.com\/users'; constructor(private http: HttpClient) { } \/\/ ...\u5176\u4ed6\u4ee3\u7801 }<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aHTTP\u62e6\u622a\u5668\u6765\u68c0\u67e5\u6240\u6709\u51fa\u7ad9\u8bf7\u6c42\u662f\u5426\u4f7f\u7528HTTPS\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>typescriptCopy code<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>\/\/ https-check.interceptor.ts import { Injectable } from '@angular\/core'; import { HttpInterceptor, HttpRequest, HttpHandler, HttpErrorResponse } from '@angular\/common\/http'; import { throwError } from 'rxjs'; import { catchError } from 'rxjs\/operators'; @Injectable() export class HttpsCheckInterceptor implements HttpInterceptor { intercept(req: HttpRequest&lt;any&gt;, next: HttpHandler) { if (req.url.startsWith('http:\/\/')) { console.warn('Unsecure HTTP request detected. Switch to HTTPS.'); } return next.handle(req).pipe( catchError((error: HttpErrorResponse) =&gt; { \/\/ \u5176\u4ed6\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u903b\u8f91 return throwError(error); }) ); } }<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u62e6\u622a\u5668\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u68c0\u67e5\u6bcf\u4e2a\u51fa\u7ad9\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684URL\u3002\u5982\u679cURL\u4ee5<code>http:\/\/<\/code>\u5f00\u5934\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u4e2d\u663e\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8b66\u544a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u7840\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u589e\u52a0\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u7b2c\u4e03\u7ae0\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5c0f\u8282\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u89c9\u5f97\u5408\u9002\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u5c0f\u8282\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a\/ACg8ocLh4B_kew_Ugyfq9egjobpny7AWdKDF1KOH64Elebx0ZhM=s96-c\" alt=\"User\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bf7\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u7b2c\u4e03\u7ae0\uff1a\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u6388\u6743\u76847.3 \u8de8\u57df\u8d44\u6e90\u5171\u4eab\uff08CORS\uff09ChatGPT<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7.3 \u8de8\u57df\u8d44\u6e90\u5171\u4eab\uff08CORS\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u63cf\u8ff0<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8de8\u57df\u8d44\u6e90\u5171\u4eab\uff08CORS\uff0cCross-Origin Resource Sharing\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u8003\u8651\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5f53\u60a8\u7684Angular\u524d\u7aef\u5e94\u7528\u548c\u540e\u7aefAPI\u90e8\u7f72\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u57df\u540d\u4e0b\u65f6\u3002CORS\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u6216\u62d2\u7eddWeb\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u6765\u81ea\u4e0d\u540c\u6e90\uff08\u57df\u540d\u3001\u534f\u8bae\u6216\u7aef\u53e3\uff09\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u5c0f\u8282\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u63a2\u8ba8\u5982\u4f55\u5728Angular\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u5904\u7406CORS\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5e76\u786e\u4fdd\u4e0e\u540e\u7aefAPI\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5904\u7406CORS\u901a\u5e38\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u540e\u7aef\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u3002\u540e\u7aef\u9700\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9002\u5f53\u7684CORS\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u4ee5\u5141\u8bb8\u6765\u81ea\u7279\u5b9a\u6e90\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u524d\u7aef\uff0c\u60a8\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e8b\u60c5\u6765\u5904\u7406CORS\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee3\u7406<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee3\u7406\uff0c\u5c06\u6240\u6709API\u8bf7\u6c42\u8f6c\u53d1\u5230\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5c31\u4f1a\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6240\u6709\u8bf7\u6c42\u90fd\u662f\u540c\u6e90\u7684\u3002\u5728<code>angular.json<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u5982\u4e0b\u914d\u7f6e\uff1ajsonCopy code<code>{ \"serve\": { \"options\": { \"proxyConfig\": \"proxy.conf.json\" } } } <\/code>\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u5728<code>proxy.conf.json<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff1ajsonCopy code<code>{ \"\/api\": { \"target\": \"https:\/\/your-backend-server.com\", \"secure\": true, \"changeOrigin\": true } }<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5904\u7406\u9884\u68c0\u8bf7\u6c42\uff08Preflight\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u5f53\u60a8\u53d1\u9001\u67d0\u4e9b\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u8de8\u57df\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\uff0c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4f1a\u9996\u5148\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2a\u9884\u68c0\u8bf7\u6c42\uff08HTTP OPTIONS\u8bf7\u6c42\uff09\u4ee5\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u5141\u8bb8\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728HTTP\u62e6\u622a\u5668\u4e2d\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9884\u68c0\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002typescriptCopy code<code>\/\/ cors.interceptor.ts import { Injectable } from '@angular\/core'; import { HttpInterceptor, HttpRequest, HttpHandler } from '@angular\/common\/http'; @Injectable() export class CorsInterceptor implements HttpInterceptor { intercept(req: HttpRequest&lt;any&gt;, next: HttpHandler) { const corsReq = req.clone({ headers: req.headers.set('Access-Control-Allow-Origin', '*') }); return next.handle(corsReq); } }<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u524d\u7aef\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u8c03\u8bd5\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u7684CORS\u7b56\u7565\u5e94\u7531\u540e\u7aef\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5e94\u5c3d\u91cf\u9650\u5236\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u6e90\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u5141\u8bb8\u6240\u6709\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u7b2c\u4e03\u7ae0\u7b2c\u4e09\u5c0f\u8282\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u89c9\u5f97\u5408\u9002\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u5c0f\u8282\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a\/ACg8ocLh4B_kew_Ugyfq9egjobpny7AWdKDF1KOH64Elebx0ZhM=s96-c\" alt=\"User\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bf7\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u7b2c\u516b\u7ae0\uff1a\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u548c\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u76848.1 \u4f7f\u7528\u62e6\u622a\u5668ChatGPT<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">8.1 \u4f7f\u7528\u62e6\u622a\u5668<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u63cf\u8ff0<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u6784\u5efa\u5927\u578b\u548c\u590d\u6742\u7684Angular\u5e94\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u548c\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u5ffd\u89c6\u7684\u65b9\u9762\u3002HTTP\u62e6\u622a\u5668\uff08Interceptor\uff09\u662fAngular\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5f3a\u5927\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u62e6\u622a\u51fa\u5165\u7684HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u62e6\u622a\u5668\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u96c6\u4e2d\u5904\u7406\u5404\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u524d\u7aef\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5982\u7f13\u5b58\u3001\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u3001\u8bf7\u6c42\u4fee\u6539\u7b49\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u5c0f\u8282\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u63a2\u8ba8\u5982\u4f55\u5728Angular\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u62e6\u622a\u5668\u8fdb\u884c\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u548c\u5b9e\u73b0\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u7f13\u5b58\u62e6\u622a\u5668<\/strong>\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u62e6\u622a\u5668\u7528\u4e8e\u7f13\u5b58GET\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002typescriptCopy code<code>\/\/ cache.interceptor.ts import { Injectable } from '@angular\/core'; import { HttpInterceptor, HttpRequest, HttpHandler, HttpResponse } from '@angular\/common\/http'; import { tap } from 'rxjs\/operators'; import { CacheService } from '.\/cache.service'; @Injectable() export class CacheInterceptor implements HttpInterceptor { constructor(private cacheService: CacheService) {} intercept(req: HttpRequest&lt;any&gt;, next: HttpHandler) { if (req.method !== 'GET') { return next.handle(req); } const cachedResponse = this.cacheService.get(req.url); if (cachedResponse) { return cachedResponse; } return next.handle(req).pipe( tap(event =&gt; { if (event instanceof HttpResponse) { this.cacheService.put(req.url, event); } }) ); } }<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u62e6\u622a\u5668<\/strong>\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u62e6\u622a\u5668\u7528\u4e8e\u96c6\u4e2d\u5904\u7406\u6240\u6709HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002typescriptCopy code<code>\/\/ error-handling.interceptor.ts import { Injectable } from '@angular\/core'; import { HttpInterceptor, HttpRequest, HttpHandler, HttpErrorResponse } from '@angular\/common\/http'; import { catchError } from 'rxjs\/operators'; import { throwError } from 'rxjs'; @Injectable() export class ErrorHandlingInterceptor implements HttpInterceptor { intercept(req: HttpRequest&lt;any&gt;, next: HttpHandler) { return next.handle(req).pipe( catchError((error: HttpErrorResponse) =&gt; { \/\/ \u96c6\u4e2d\u5904\u7406\u9519\u8bef console.error('An error occurred:', error); return throwError(error); }) ); } }<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u62e6\u622a\u5668\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u4e3b\u6a21\u5757\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u662f<code>AppModule<\/code>\uff09\u4e2d\u6ce8\u518c\u5b83\u4eec\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>typescriptCopy code<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>\/\/ app.module.ts import { HttpClientModule, HTTP_INTERCEPTORS } from '@angular\/common\/http'; import { CacheInterceptor } from '.\/cache.interceptor'; import { ErrorHandlingInterceptor } from '.\/error-handling.interceptor'; @NgModule({ imports: [HttpClientModule], providers: [ { provide: HTTP_INTERCEPTORS, useClass: CacheInterceptor, multi: true }, { provide: HTTP_INTERCEPTORS, useClass: ErrorHandlingInterceptor, multi: true } ] }) export class AppModule { }<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u62e6\u622a\u5668\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u5730\u7ba1\u7406HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u7b2c\u516b\u7ae0\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c0f\u8282\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u89c9\u5f97\u5408\u9002\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u5c0f\u8282\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a\/ACg8ocLh4B_kew_Ugyfq9egjobpny7AWdKDF1KOH64Elebx0ZhM=s96-c\" alt=\"User\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bf7\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u7b2c\u516b\u7ae0\uff1a\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u548c\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u76848.2 \u7f13\u5b58\u7b56\u7565ChatGPT<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">8.2 \u7f13\u5b58\u7b56\u7565<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u63cf\u8ff0<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7f13\u5b58\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4f18\u5316\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u5e76\u91cd\u7528\u5148\u524d\u83b7\u53d6\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8d1f\u8f7d\u548c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5e94\u7528\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u5728Web\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u7f13\u5b58\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u591a\u4e2a\u5c42\u6b21\uff0c\u5305\u62ecHTTP\u7f13\u5b58\u3001\u6570\u636e\u7f13\u5b58\u3001\u56fe\u7247\u7f13\u5b58\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u5c0f\u8282\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u63a2\u8ba8\u5982\u4f55\u5728Angular\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u5b9e\u65bd\u6709\u6548\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>HTTP\u7f13\u5b58<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528HTTP\u5934\u90e8\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u7f13\u5b58\u3002\u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u4f46\u524d\u7aef\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u62e6\u622a\u5668\u6765\u5904\u7406\u3002typescriptCopy code<code>\/\/ http-cache.interceptor.ts import { Injectable } from '@angular\/core'; import { HttpInterceptor, HttpRequest, HttpHandler, HttpHeaders } from '@angular\/common\/http'; @Injectable() export class HttpCacheInterceptor implements HttpInterceptor { intercept(req: HttpRequest&lt;any&gt;, next: HttpHandler) { const httpRequest = req.clone({ headers: new HttpHeaders({ 'Cache-Control': 'no-cache', 'Pragma': 'no-cache', 'Expires': 'Sat, 01 Jan 2000 00:00:00 GMT' }) }); return next.handle(httpRequest); } }<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u6570\u636e\u7f13\u5b58<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u6216\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7f13\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u91cd\u590d\u7684API\u8c03\u7528\u3002typescriptCopy code<code>\/\/ user.service.ts import { Injectable } from '@angular\/core'; import { HttpClient } from '@angular\/common\/http'; import { of } from 'rxjs'; import { tap } from 'rxjs\/operators'; @Injectable({ providedIn: 'root' }) export class UserService { private apiUrl = 'https:\/\/your-api.com\/users'; private cache: any = null; constructor(private http: HttpClient) { } getUsers() { if (this.cache) { return of(this.cache); } return this.http.get(this.apiUrl).pipe( tap(data =&gt; this.cache = data) ); } }<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u56fe\u7247\u548c\u9759\u6001\u8d44\u6e90\u7f13\u5b58<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528Service Workers\u6765\u7f13\u5b58\u56fe\u7247\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u9759\u6001\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u5728<code>ngsw-config.json<\/code>\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u8d44\u6e90\u7f13\u5b58\u914d\u7f6e\uff1ajsonCopy code<code>{ \"name\": \"assets\", \"urls\": [\"\/assets\/**\"], \"cacheConfig\": { \"strategy\": \"performance\", \"maxSize\": 50, \"maxAge\": \"1d\" } }<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9e\u65bd\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7f13\u5b58\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u9ad8\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u52a0\u8f7d\u901f\u5ea6\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u6027\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u7b2c\u516b\u7ae0\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5c0f\u8282\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u89c9\u5f97\u5408\u9002\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u5c0f\u8282\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a\/ACg8ocLh4B_kew_Ugyfq9egjobpny7AWdKDF1KOH64Elebx0ZhM=s96-c\" alt=\"User\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bf7\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u7b2c\u516b\u7ae0\uff1a\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u548c\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u76848.3 \u5206\u9875\u548c\u6392\u5e8fChatGPT<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">8.3 \u5206\u9875\u548c\u6392\u5e8f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u63cf\u8ff0<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u5904\u7406\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u5206\u9875\u548c\u6392\u5e8f\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u5206\u9875\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u4e00\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e2d\u9700\u8981\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u6570\u636e\u91cf\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u52a0\u8f7d\u901f\u5ea6\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u6027\u3002\u6392\u5e8f\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u7528\u6237\u66f4\u5feb\u5730\u627e\u5230\u4ed6\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u5c0f\u8282\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u63a2\u8ba8\u5982\u4f55\u5728Angular\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u5206\u9875\u548c\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u5206\u9875<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528Angular\u7684HTTP\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e0e\u540e\u7aefAPI\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u9875\u3002typescriptCopy code<code>\/\/ user.service.ts import { Injectable } from '@angular\/core'; import { HttpClient, HttpParams } from '@angular\/common\/http'; @Injectable({ providedIn: 'root' }) export class UserService { private apiUrl = 'https:\/\/your-api.com\/users'; constructor(private http: HttpClient) { } getUsers(page: number, size: number) { const params = new HttpParams() .set('page', page.toString()) .set('size', size.toString()); return this.http.get(this.apiUrl, { params }); } } <\/code>\u5728\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\uff1atypescriptCopy code<code>\/\/ user-list.component.ts import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular\/core'; import { UserService } from '.\/user.service'; @Component({ selector: 'app-user-list', template: `...` }) export class UserListComponent implements OnInit { users: any[] = []; currentPage = 1; pageSize = 10; constructor(private userService: UserService) { } ngOnInit(): void { this.loadUsers(); } loadUsers() { this.userService.getUsers(this.currentPage, this.pageSize).subscribe( data =&gt; this.users = data, error =&gt; console.error(error) ); } }<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u6392\u5e8f<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528Angular\u7684\u7ba1\u9053\u6216\u7ec4\u4ef6\u9009\u9879\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u524d\u7aef\u6392\u5e8f\u3002typescriptCopy code<code>\/\/ user-list.component.ts import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular\/core'; @Component({ selector: 'app-user-list', template: ` &lt;button (click)=\"sortUsers('username')\"&gt;Sort by Username&lt;\/button&gt; &lt;button (click)=\"sortUsers('email')\"&gt;Sort by Email&lt;\/button&gt; &lt;!-- ... --&gt; ` }) export class UserListComponent implements OnInit { users: any[] = []; \/\/ ...\u5176\u4ed6\u4ee3\u7801 sortUsers(key: string) { this.users.sort((a, b) =&gt; a[key].localeCompare(b[key])); } }<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9e\u65bd\u5206\u9875\u548c\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u60a8\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u52a0\u53cb\u597d\u548c\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u7528\u6237\u754c\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u7b2c\u516b\u7ae0\u7b2c\u4e09\u5c0f\u8282\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u89c9\u5f97\u5408\u9002\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u5c0f\u8282\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a\/ACg8ocLh4B_kew_Ugyfq9egjobpny7AWdKDF1KOH64Elebx0ZhM=s96-c\" alt=\"User\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bf7\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u7b2c\u4e5d\u7ae0\uff1a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u8c03\u8bd5\u76849.1 \u4f7f\u7528Postman\u8fdb\u884cAPI\u6d4b\u8bd5ChatGPT<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">9.1 \u4f7f\u7528Postman\u8fdb\u884cAPI\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u63cf\u8ff0<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u662f\u786e\u4fdd\u5e94\u7528\u8d28\u91cf\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u5173\u952e\u73af\u8282\u3002\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5f53\u60a8\u7684Angular\u5e94\u7528\u9700\u8981\u4e0e\u540e\u7aefAPI\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\u65f6\uff0cAPI\u6d4b\u8bd5\u53d8\u5f97\u5c24\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u3002Postman\u662f\u4e00\u6b3e\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u7684API\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f4\u89c2\u7684\u754c\u9762\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u53d1\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42\u5230\u60a8\u7684API\u5e76\u67e5\u770b\u54cd\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u5c0f\u8282\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u63a2\u8ba8\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Postman\u8fdb\u884cAPI\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u60a8\u7684Angular\u5e94\u7528\u4e0e\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u542f\u52a8Postman<\/strong>\uff1a\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u4ecePostman\u7684\u5b98\u65b9\u7f51\u7ad9\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5e76\u5b89\u88c5\u8be5\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u542f\u52a8Postman\u5e76\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8bf7\u6c42\u53c2\u6570<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728Postman\u7684\u754c\u9762\u4e2d\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5404\u79cd\u8bf7\u6c42\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5305\u62ecHTTP\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08GET\u3001POST\u3001PUT\u7b49\uff09\u3001\u8bf7\u6c42URL\u3001\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\u548c\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u3002<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.postman.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-14-at-4.02.27-PM.png\" alt=\"Postman Interface\"><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u53d1\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42<\/strong>\uff1a\u914d\u7f6e\u597d\u8bf7\u6c42\u53c2\u6570\u540e\uff0c\u70b9\u51fb\u201cSend\u201d\u6309\u94ae\u53d1\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002Postman\u5c06\u663e\u793a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u3001\u54cd\u5e94\u5934\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u4f53\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u4fdd\u5b58\u548c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/strong>\uff1a\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u5b58\u60a8\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u96c6\u5408\uff08Collection\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4ee5\u540e\u518d\u6b21\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7ec4\u7ec7\u590d\u6742\u7684API\u6d4b\u8bd5\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/strong>\uff1aPostman\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8fd0\u884c\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7f16\u5199\u811a\u672c\u6765\u68c0\u67e5\u54cd\u5e94\u72b6\u6001\u548c\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fddAPI\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u884c\u4e3a\u3002javascriptCopy code<code>pm.test(\"Status code is 200\", function () { pm.response.to.have.status(200); }); pm.test(\"Response time is less than 500ms\", function () { pm.expect(pm.response.responseTime).to.be.below(500); });<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528Postman\u8fdb\u884cAPI\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5feb\u901f\u5730\u9a8c\u8bc1\u548c\u8c03\u8bd5\u60a8\u7684\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u786e\u4fdd\u4e0eAngular\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u548c\u9ad8\u6548\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u7b2c\u4e5d\u7ae0\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c0f\u8282\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u89c9\u5f97\u5408\u9002\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u5c0f\u8282\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a\/ACg8ocLh4B_kew_Ugyfq9egjobpny7AWdKDF1KOH64Elebx0ZhM=s96-c\" alt=\"User\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bf7\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u7b2c\u4e5d\u7ae0\uff1a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u8c03\u8bd5\u76849.2 Angular\u4e2d\u7684\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5ChatGPT<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">9.2 Angular\u4e2d\u7684\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u63cf\u8ff0<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\u662f\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u73af\u8282\uff0c\u5b83\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u786e\u4fdd\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u3002\u5728Angular\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u3001\u6307\u4ee4\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u53ef\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5355\u5143\u3002Angular\u6846\u67b6\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u5957\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u5e93\uff0c\u5982Jasmine\u548cKarma\uff0c\u4ee5\u652f\u6301\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u5c0f\u8282\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u63a2\u8ba8\u5982\u4f55\u5728Angular\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u5065\u58ee\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ec4\u4ef6<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528Angular\u7684<code>TestBed<\/code>\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\u3002typescriptCopy code<code>\/\/ app.component.spec.ts import { TestBed, ComponentFixture } from '@angular\/core\/testing'; import { AppComponent } from '.\/app.component'; describe('AppComponent', () =&gt; { let fixture: ComponentFixture&lt;AppComponent&gt;; let component: AppComponent; beforeEach(() =&gt; { TestBed.configureTestingModule({ declarations: [AppComponent] }); fixture = TestBed.createComponent(AppComponent); component = fixture.componentInstance; }); it('should create the component', () =&gt; { expect(component).toBeTruthy(); }); it('should have a title', () =&gt; { expect(component.title).toBe('My Angular App'); }); });<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u6d4b\u8bd5\u670d\u52a1<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528Angular\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u6ce8\u5165\u6765\u6d4b\u8bd5\u670d\u52a1\u3002typescriptCopy code<code>\/\/ user.service.spec.ts import { TestBed } from '@angular\/core\/testing'; import { UserService } from '.\/user.service'; import { HttpClientTestingModule } from '@angular\/common\/http\/testing'; describe('UserService', () =&gt; { let service: UserService; beforeEach(() =&gt; { TestBed.configureTestingModule({ imports: [HttpClientTestingModule], providers: [UserService] }); service = TestBed.inject(UserService); }); it('should be created', () =&gt; { expect(service).toBeTruthy(); }); });<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u6a21\u62dfHTTP\u8bf7\u6c42<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528<code>HttpClientTestingModule<\/code>\u548c<code>HttpTestingController<\/code>\u6765\u6a21\u62dfHTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002typescriptCopy code<code>\/\/ user.service.spec.ts import { HttpTestingController } from '@angular\/common\/http\/testing'; \/\/ ...\u5176\u4ed6\u4ee3\u7801 it('should fetch users', () =&gt; { const mockUsers = [{ id: 1, name: 'John' }, { id: 2, name: 'Doe' }]; const httpTestingController = TestBed.inject(HttpTestingController); service.getUsers().subscribe(users =&gt; { expect(users).toEqual(mockUsers); }); const req = httpTestingController.expectOne('https:\/\/your-api.com\/users'); req.flush(mockUsers); });<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u7f16\u5199\u548c\u8fd0\u884c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u60a8\u7684Angular\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u5404\u79cd\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u90fd\u80fd\u6b63\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u8d28\u91cf\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u7b2c\u4e5d\u7ae0\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5c0f\u8282\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u89c9\u5f97\u5408\u9002\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u5c0f\u8282\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a\/ACg8ocLh4B_kew_Ugyfq9egjobpny7AWdKDF1KOH64Elebx0ZhM=s96-c\" alt=\"User\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bf7\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u7b2c\u4e5d\u7ae0\uff1a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u8c03\u8bd5\u76849.3 \u8c03\u8bd5\u6280\u5de7ChatGPT<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">9.3 \u8c03\u8bd5\u6280\u5de7<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u63cf\u8ff0<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u5f00\u53d1Angular\u5e94\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u8c03\u8bd5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u73af\u8282\u3002\u6709\u6548\u7684\u8c03\u8bd5\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u5feb\u901f\u5b9a\u4f4d\u548c\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u3002\u5e78\u8fd0\u7684\u662f\uff0cAngular\u548c\u73b0\u4ee3\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u8c03\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u6280\u672f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u5c0f\u8282\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e00\u4e9b\u5728Angular\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u8c03\u8bd5\u6280\u5de7\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u4f7f\u7528Angular DevTools<\/strong>\uff1aAngular DevTools\u662f\u4e00\u4e2aChrome\u6269\u5c55\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f4\u89c2\u7684\u754c\u9762\u6765\u68c0\u67e5\u548c\u8c03\u8bd5Angular\u5e94\u7528\u3002<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.angular.io\/media\/2021\/04\/15\/angular-devtools.png\" alt=\"Angular DevTools\">\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u67e5\u770b\u7ec4\u4ef6\u6811\u3001\u68c0\u67e5\u7ec4\u4ef6\u72b6\u6001\u548c\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u8fdb\u884c\u6027\u80fd\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u4f7f\u7528<code>console.log<\/code>\u548c<code>debugger<\/code><\/strong>\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f\u6700\u57fa\u7840\u4f46\u4e5f\u6700\u76f4\u63a5\u6709\u6548\u7684\u8c03\u8bd5\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002typescriptCopy code<code>ngOnInit(): void { console.log('Component initialized'); debugger; \/\/ \u6682\u505c\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5728\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5de5\u5177\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u8bd5 }<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u4f7f\u7528Augury<\/strong>\uff1aAugury\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8eAngular\u8c03\u8bd5\u7684Chrome\u6269\u5c55\u3002\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7ec4\u4ef6\u6811\u3001\u8def\u7531\u89c6\u56fe\u3001\u4f9d\u8d56\u6ce8\u5165\u67e5\u770b\u5668\u7b49\u529f\u80fd\u3002<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/augury.rangle.io\/images\/augury-logo.png\" alt=\"Augury\"><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u4f7f\u7528Source Maps<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u542f\u7528Source Maps\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u5f53\u60a8\u5728\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5de5\u5177\u4e2d\u8c03\u8bd5\u65f6\uff0c\u60a8\u5c06\u770b\u5230\u539f\u59cbTypeScript\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7f16\u8bd1\u540e\u7684JavaScript\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u4f7f\u7528RxJS\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u8bd5<\/strong>\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86RxJS\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u5982<code>tap<\/code>\u6765\u8c03\u8bd5Observable\u3002typescriptCopy code<code>import { tap } from 'rxjs\/operators'; someObservable$.pipe( tap(value =&gt; console.log('Value:', value)) ).subscribe();<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8c03\u8bd5\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u60a8\u5c06\u80fd\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u60a8\u7684Angular\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u7b2c\u4e5d\u7ae0\u7b2c\u4e09\u5c0f\u8282\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u89c9\u5f97\u5408\u9002\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u5c0f\u8282\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a\/ACg8ocLh4B_kew_Ugyfq9egjobpny7AWdKDF1KOH64Elebx0ZhM=s96-c\" alt=\"User\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bf7\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u7b2c\u5341\u7ae0\uff1a\u603b\u7ed3\u548c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5b66\u4e60\u768410.1 \u672c\u6559\u7a0b\u603b\u7ed3ChatGPT<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">10.1 \u672c\u6559\u7a0b\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u63cf\u8ff0<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6559\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4eceAngular\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u6982\u5ff5\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u9010\u6b65\u6df1\u5165\u5230\u66f4\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\uff0c\u5982\u4e0eRestAPI\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u8c03\u8bd5\u7b49\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9e\u4f8b\u548c\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u60a8\u80fd\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u5b83\u4eec\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Angular\u8fdb\u884c\u524d\u7aef\u5f00\u53d1\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7RestAPI\u4e0e\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u5404\u79cd\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u6280\u672f\u548c\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u60a8\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4e0d\u4ec5\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u9ad8\u6548\u548c\u7528\u6237\u53cb\u597d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e3b\u8981\u4eae\u70b9<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6<\/strong>\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86Angular\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5982\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3001\u6a21\u5757\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u4e0eRestAPI\u4ea4\u4e92<\/strong>\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u8be6\u7ec6\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Angular\u7684HttpClient\u6a21\u5757\u8fdb\u884cAPI\u8c03\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u548c\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/strong>\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u7f13\u5b58\u3001\u5206\u9875\u3001\u6392\u5e8f\u7b49\u6280\u672f\u6765\u4f18\u5316\u5e94\u7528\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u8c03\u8bd5<\/strong>\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Postman\u8fdb\u884cAPI\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u5728Angular\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u8c03\u8bd5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u603b\u7ed3<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u5b8c\u6210\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6559\u7a0b\uff0c\u60a8\u5e94\u8be5\u5df2\u7ecf\u638c\u63e1\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528Angular\u8fdb\u884c\u524d\u7aef\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\u548c\u9ad8\u7ea7\u6280\u5de7\u3002\u4f46\u8bf7\u8bb0\u4f4f\uff0c\u6280\u672f\u662f\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6301\u7eed\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u5b9e\u8df5\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u7b2c\u5341\u7ae0\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c0f\u8282\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u672c\u6559\u7a0b\u7684\u603b\u7ed3\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e9b\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u89c9\u5f97\u5408\u9002\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u5c0f\u8282\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a\/ACg8ocLh4B_kew_Ugyfq9egjobpny7AWdKDF1KOH64Elebx0ZhM=s96-c\" alt=\"User\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bf7\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u7b2c\u5341\u7ae0\uff1a\u603b\u7ed3\u548c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5b66\u4e60\u768410.2 \u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599ChatGPT<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">10.2 \u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u63cf\u8ff0<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u867d\u7136\u672c\u6559\u7a0b\u6db5\u76d6\u4e86Angular\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u9ad8\u7ea7\u4e3b\u9898\u548c\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u503c\u5f97\u63a2\u7a76\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u7ee7\u7eed\u63d0\u5347Angular\u5f00\u53d1\u6280\u80fd\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u63a8\u8350\u7684\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863<\/strong>\uff1aAngular\u7684\u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863\u662f\u6700\u5168\u9762\u3001\u6700\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u5c42\u6b21\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u3002\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/angular.io\/docs\">Angular Official Documentation<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5728\u7ebf\u6559\u7a0b\u548c\u8bfe\u7a0b<\/strong>\uff1a\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u5e73\u53f0\u63d0\u4f9b\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u7684Angular\u6559\u7a0b\u548c\u8bfe\u7a0b\u3002\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/angular-university.io\/\">Angular University<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.udemy.com\/topic\/angular\/\">Udemy Angular Courses<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pluralsight.com\/paths\/angular\">Pluralsight Angular Path<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u4e66\u7c4d<\/strong>\uff1a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5173\u4e8eAngular\u7684\u4f18\u79c0\u4e66\u7c4d\u3002\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>&#8220;Angular: Up and Running&#8221; by Shyam Seshadri<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;Angular Development with TypeScript&#8221; by Yakov Fain and Anton Moiseev<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u793e\u533a\u548c\u8bba\u575b<\/strong>\uff1a\u53c2\u4e0e\u793e\u533a\u6d3b\u52a8\u548c\u5728\u7ebf\u8bba\u575b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u4ea4\u6d41\u7684\u597d\u673a\u4f1a\u3002\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/stackoverflow.com\/questions\/tagged\/angular\">Stack Overflow<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.reddit.com\/r\/Angular2\/\">Reddit Angular Community<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/discord.com\/invite\/angular\">Angular Discord Channel<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u535a\u5ba2\u548c\u6587\u7ae0<\/strong>\uff1a\u8bb8\u591a\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u901a\u8fc7\u535a\u5ba2\u548c\u6587\u7ae0\u5206\u4eab\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u548c\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3002\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/indepth.dev\/angular\/\">Angular In Depth<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/tag\/angular\">Medium &#8211; Angular Topic<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5f00\u6e90\u9879\u76ee\u548c\u4ee3\u7801\u5e93<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u9605\u8bfb\u548c\u8d21\u732e\u5f00\u6e90\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u63d0\u9ad8\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6280\u80fd\u3002\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/topics\/angular\">GitHub Angular Topic<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/PatrickJS\/awesome-angular\">Awesome 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